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A wider opening increases the light reaching the sensor during the exposure.
Conditions: Scene illumination, shutter time and lens transmission are held fixed.
A longer shutter time collects light for longer.
Conditions: The illumination is continuous and other light controls are unchanged.
ISO changes camera response; light exposure describes what the sensor collects.
This comparison works in both directions.
Stops express light changes as doubling or halving rather than unrelated setting numbers.
Meter readings provide a starting point for exposure choices.
Increasing captured light can push bright regions beyond the sensor recording limit.
Conditions: Scene brightness and sensor limit are fixed.
More collected light can improve the signal relative to noise.
Conditions: Compare similar scene areas and rendering; avoid saturation of important highlights.
Scene illumination contributes light for the duration of capture.
Start with the control that changes the lens opening.
Next connect light collection with how movement is recorded.
Look at how much light was collected before judging ISO alone.
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From the light entering your lens to the story in your frame. Understand the ideas behind better photographs.
Explain the different roles of aperture, shutter time and ISO.
Follow the trailDistinguish subject blur, camera shake and missed focus before choosing a change.
Follow the trailChoose a sharpness range deliberately and distinguish it from blur quality.
Follow the trailAdjust aperture, shutter speed and ISO. See how light, motion and focus fit together in our interactive exposure playground.
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